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Laying out your document for pdflatex
pdflatex is a very useful tool for generating Adobe PDFs from a LaTeX document. In this tutorial I will show some of the most frequently used and useful layout specifications in LaTeX that will allow you to generate nice looking documents.
I have tested this in many versions of pdflatex on a variety of unix and linux platforms in addition to the pdflatex in MikTex.
The most important aspects that determine the layout of your document come at the very begining of the document.
The first thing you should set is the document class
\documentclass[9pt]{report}
If you want to use pdflatex, and want it autogenerate the links, you should include the pdflatex and hyperlink packages
\usepackage[pdftex,colorlinks]{hyperref}
The next important aspect is setting up margins, shown below
\setlength{\topmargin}{-0.4in} % distance from top of page to begining of text
\setlength{\topskip}{0.3in} % between header and text
\setlength{\textheight}{9.0in} % height of main text
\setlength{\textwidth}{7in} % width of text
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-0.2in} % odd page left margin
\setlength{\evensidemargin}{-0.2in} % even page left margin
\setlength{\headheight}{15pt}
Double spacing is a common thing people who write reports for theses want to do. The line below will double space
\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{2}
There is a useful package called fancyhdr which can be used to generate pleasing headers on the top of your document. This is useful for large reports and theses. Shown below is how to use this package
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
.
.
.
% after title, TOC and list of figures
\pagestyle{fancy}
Graphics are important in many documents. There are three packages you need for graphics 'graphics' for the actual import of graphics and 'floatflt' and 'graphicx' which are used for laying out the graphics. Shown below is a sample of including graphics
\usepackage{graphics}
\usepackage{floatflt,graphicx}
.
.
.
\begin{figure}[!ht]
\centerline{\includegraphics[scale=0.6]{picture.pdf}}
\caption{\emph{Caption for the graphic}}
\label{fig:label_name}
\end{figure}
Tables are also very useful in documents, and LaTeX has support for tables. The code below shows how to setup a table
\begin{tabular}{lll}
& Requirement & Status\\
1 & Req A & Achieved \\
2 & Req B & Achieved \\
3 & Req C & Achieved \\
\end{tabular}
Ofcouse what is a LaTeX document without equations? There are two ways to use equations. One is to embed it with your text. This is done by putting '$' around the equations.
It must sum to one and it must be 0 whenever $p_i(X_{i,j}) 0.
\begin{equation}
\label{eqn:propagated}
L_p(x,\psi,\lambda) = \int_{in. \psi} p(x,\psi, \psi^\prime, \lambda) L_{in}(x,\psi^\prime,\lambda)\cos\theta_id\omega_i
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
\label{eqn:rendering}
L_{out}(x,\psi,\lambda) = L_e(x,\psi,\lambda) + L_p(x,\psi,\lambda)
\end{equation}
\begin{tabular}{lll}
Where: & &\\
$L_r(x,\psi,\lambda)$ & $\rightarrow$ & The radiance leaving the point $x$ in direction $\psi$ at wavelength $\lambda$ \\
$L_e(x,\psi,\lambda)$ & $\rightarrow$ & The radiance emmitted by point $x$ in direction $\psi$ at wavelength $\lambda$ \\
$L_p(x,\psi,\lambda)$ & $\rightarrow$ & The radiance propagated by point $x$ in direction $\psi$ at wavelength $\lambda$
\end{tabular}
Below is a sample begining of a report including chapter and sections
\documentclass[9pt]{report}
\usepackage{graphics} % for pictures
\usepackage{fancyhdr} % for fancy headers on the top of pages
\usepackage[pdftex,colorlinks]{hyperref}
\usepackage{floatflt,graphicx}
\usepackage{code}
\thispagestyle{empty}
\setlength{\topmargin}{-0.4in}
\setlength{\topskip}{0.3in} % between header and text
\setlength{\textheight}{9.0in} % height of main text
\setlength{\textwidth}{7in} % width of text
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-0.2in} % odd page left margin
\setlength{\evensidemargin}{-0.2in} % even page left margin
\setlength{\headheight}{15pt}
%\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{2}
\title{My Fancy Report}
\author{Aravind Krishnaswamy \\ University of Waterloo}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\pagestyle{empty}
\tableofcontents
\listoffigures
\pagestyle{fancy}
\chapter{Overview}
This is an overview of my document
\chapter{First Chapter}
\label{chapter:intro}
Welcome to my first chapter. There are some sections
\section{First section}
\label{sec:ch1:first}
Now I talk about stuff
\vspace{0.35cm}
Now I start another paragraph
\subsection{First subsection}
\label{sec:ch1:first:sub}
\chapter{Second Chapter}
\label{chapter:more}
\bibliographystyle{acm}
\bibliography{report}
\end{document}
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